biomass , self - consumption

of electricity generated by

photovoltaic panels and electricity

from renewable sources purchased

via a Power Purchase Agreement

( PPA ) . We exclude fuels purchased

for vehicle f leets . The Scope 1 and

2 carbon intensity and energy

intensity indicators are calculated

for production environments only ,

and therefore exclude emissions

from off ice and commercial

buildings , and those produced

by vehicle f leets .

In accordance with international

carbon compatibility standards ,

the Group applies a materiality

threshold of 5 % for Scope 3

emissions . On this basis , the items

‘ purchased goods & services ’

( GHG 3 . 1 ) and ‘ use of sold products ’

( GHG 3 . 11 ) are signif icant since they

account respectively for 55 % and

38 % of total estimated emissions .

Upstream freight transport and

distribution ( GHG 3 . 4 and

GHG 3 . 9 ) are also included at 6 % .

This ref lects a methodological

choice by the Group , which

classif ies the costs met by the

Group to transport sold products

as downstream freight , rather than

upstream freight as def ined by the

GHG Protocol . This methodological

distinction inf luences the way in

which emissions are broken down

and allocated to different items ,

but has no effect on total transport -

related emissions .

Emissions related to purchases of

raw materials have been calculated

in accordance with the following

methodology specif ic emission

factors are applied to at least 95

of the volumes purchased for each

business line A volume weighted

average emission factor is applied

to the remaining volumes ≤5

The following assumption has

been made regarding the use

of sold products and particularly

those sold by TIMAC AGRO

for which it is diff icult to obtain

detailed information regarding

their composition : all nitrogenous

raw materials purchased during

the year are deemed incorporated

into products sold , and

consequently applied to f ields

during the same period . This

approach simplif ies calculation

by avoiding the need to collect

additional data , while still ensuring

consistency with purchasing

volumes . The data used for this

item refers exclusively to purchases

of nitrogenous raw materials .

Upstream and downstream

freight data are either supplied

by transport operators , estimated

on the basis of journey start

and end points ( see methodology

below ) , estimated on the basis

of an average product sales radius

in the case of TIMAC AGRO ( see

methodology below ) , or derived

from estimated monetary data

in the absence of information

regarding the journey made .

Where data is incomplete ,

assumptions about distances

have been made to ensure the

comprehensive nature of the

calculation : average distances

have been used where the journey

start or end point was unknown .

Alternatively , distances may have

been extrapolated from known

data . Land distances are taken from

Google Maps , and sea distances

from BednBlue . The Groupe Roullier

AI tool was used to conf irm these

distances . Average sales reach has

been provided by the TIMAC AGRO

Supply Chain department CO

data have been provided either

directly by the transport operator

or sourced from the CEVA Logistics

tool for sea freight

Work is continuing on improving

the reliability of the process of

collecting and consolidating

upstream and downstream freight

data At this stage some subsidiary

companies have not yet been able

to submit all their information which

Audit

The information independently

verified by Forvis Mazars is

contained in the non financial

assurance report

Sources used

for emissions

factors

ADEME Carbon Base V23 . 4 &

V23 6 Agribalyse 3 1 1 ecoinvent

3 9 1 IEA S2 S3 2024 and

2019 Refinement to the 2006

IPCC Guidelines for National

Greenhouse Gas Inventories

prevents the impact from being

accurately quantif ied . Nevertheless ,

this impact remains limited due

to the low volume of purchases

and sales made by the subsidiary

companies concerned . The Group

has an ongoing formal process in

place to improve the completeness

and quality of its data .

Tonnes produced means total

gross tonnes produced by the

production sites , regardless of

destination . The indicators relating

to intensity per tonne sold do not

include the tonnages of Compagnie

Armoricaine de Navigation ,

Refranor or the superphosphate

cellars , since these are semi -

f inished products reused within

the business line .

The tonnes sold indicator relates

to external sales and sales between

business lines , and excludes sales

made within individual business

lines . This treatment ensures

consistency with other Group

reporting systems , which are based

on volumes actually sold by our

business lines .

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